Waubonsee Community College

The torture papers, the road to Abu Ghraib, edited by Karen J. Greenberg, Joshua L. Dratel ; introduction by Anthony Lewis

eng

Includes bibliographical references and index

illustrations

index present

non fiction

The torture papers

bibliography

57393682

edited by Karen J. Greenberg, Joshua L. Dratel ; introduction by Anthony Lewis

the road to Abu Ghraib

The Torture Papers consists of the "torture memos" and reports written by U.S. government officials to prepare the way for and to legitimize coercive interrogation and torture in Afghanistan, Guantánamo, and Abu Ghraib. This volume of documents presents for the first time a compilation of materials that prior to publication have existed only piecemeal in the public domain. The Bush Administration, concerned about the legality of harsh interrogation techniques, understood the need to establish a legally viable argument to justify such procedures. The memos and reports in this volume document the systematic attempt of the U.S. government to prepare the way for torture techniques and coercive interrogation practices, forbidden under international law, with the express intent of evading legal punishment in the aftermath of any discovery of these practices and policies

Introduction: Anthony Lewis -- From Fear to Torture: Karen J. Greenberg -- The Legal Narrative: Joshua L. Dratel -- Timeline -- Missing Documents -- Biographical Sketches -- Memoranda. Memo 1. September 25, 2001, To: Timothy Flanigan, Deputy Counsel to the President, From: John Yoo, Deputy Assistant Attorney General, U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Legal Counsel, Re: Memorandum opinion for the Deputy Counsel to the President -- Memo 2. November 13, 2001, Military Order of November 13, 2001 issued by President George W. Bush -- Memo 3. December 28, 2001, To: William J. Haynes II, General Counsel, Department of Defense, From: Patrick F. Philbin, Deputy Assistant Attorney General and John Yoo, Deputy Assistant Attorney General, U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Legal Counsel, Re: Possible habeas jurisdiction over aliens held in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba -- Memo 4. January 9, 2002, To: William J. Haynes II, General Counsel, Department of Defense, From: John Yoo, Deputy Assistant Attorney General, U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Legal Counsel and Robert J. Delahunty, Special Counsel, U.S. Department of Justice, Re: Application of treaties and laws to al Qaeda and Taliban detainees -- Memo 5. January 19, 2002, To: Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, From: Donald Rumsfeld, Secretary of Defense, Re: Status of Taliban and al Qaeda -- Memo 6. January 22, 2002, To: Alberto R. Gonzales, Counsel to the President, and William J. Haynes, General Counsel, Department of Defense, From: Jay S. Bybee, Assistant Attorney General, U.S. Department of Justice, Re: Application of treaties and laws to al Qaeda and Taliban detainees -- Memo 7. January 25, 2002, To: President Bush, From: Alberto R. Gonzales, Counsel to the President, Re: Decision re application of the Geneva Convention on prisoners of war to the conflict with al Qaeda and the Taliban -- Memo 8. January 26, 2002, To: Counsel to the President, Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs, From: Colin L. Powell, U.S. Department of State, Re: Draft decision memorandum for the President on the applicability of the Geneva Convention to the conflict in AfghanistanMemo 9. February 1, 2002, To: President Bush, From: John Ashcroft, Attorney General, Re: Justice Departments position on why the Geneva Convention did not apply to al Qaeda and Taliban detainees -- Memo 10. February 2, 2002, To: Counsel to the President, From: William H. Taft IV, Legal Advisor, U.S. Department of State, Re: Comments on your paper on the Geneva Convention -- Memo 11. February 7, 2002, To: The Vice President, The Secretary of State, The Secretary of Defense, The Attorney General, Chief of Staff to the President, Director of CIA, Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, From: George W. Bush, Re: Humane treatment of al Qaeda and Taliban detainees -- Memo 12. February 7, 2002, To: Alberto R. Gonzales, Counsel to the President, From: Jay B. Bybee, Assistant Attorney General, U.S. Department of Justice, Re: Status of Taliban forces under Article 4 of the Third Geneva Convention of 1949 -- Memo 13. February 26, 2002, To: William J. Haynes II, General Counsel, Department of Defense, From: Jay S. Bybee, Assistant Attorney General, U.S. Department of Justice, Re: Potential legal constraints applicable to interrogations of persons captured by U.S. Armed Forces in Afghanistan -- Memo 14. August 1, 2002, To: Alberto R. Gonzales, Counsel to the President, From: Jay S. Bybee, Assistant Attorney General, U.S. Department of Justice, Re: Standards of conduct for interrogation under 18 U.S.C.S S 2340-2340A -- Memo 15. August 1, 2002, To: Alberto R. Gonzales, Counsel to the President, From: John Yoo, Deputy Assistant Attorney General, U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Legal Counsel, Re: Letter regarding "the views of our Office concerning the legality, under international law, of interrogation methods to be used on captured al Qaeda operatives" -- (The following three memos (#s 16, 17, 18) are cover letters to the requests for approval of counter-resistance strategies, which follow #s 19, 20.) Memo 16. October 25, 2002, To: Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Washington D.C., From: General James T. Hill, Department of Defense, U.S. Southern Command, Miami, FL, Re: Counter-resistance techniques -- Memo 17. October 11, 2002, To: General James T. Hill, Commander, U.S. Southern Command, Miami, FL, From: Maj. Gen. Michael Dunlavey, Department of Defense, JTF 170, Guantánamo Bay, Cuba, Re: Counter-resistance strategies -- Memo 18. October 11, 2002, To: General James T. Hill, Commander, Joint Task Force 170, From: Diane Beaver, Staff Judge Advocate, Department of Defense, JTF 170, Guantánamo Bay, Cuba, Re: Legal review of aggressive interrogation techniques -- Memo 19. October 11, 2002, To: General James T. Hill, Commander, Joint Task Force 170, From: Jerald Phifer, Director, J2, Department of Defense, JTF 170, Guantánamo Bay, Cuba, Re: Request for approval of counter-resistance strategiesMemo 20. October 11, 2002, To: General James T. Hill, Commander, Joint Task Force 170, From: Diane Beaver, Staff Judge Advocate, Department of Defense, JTF 170, Guantánamo Bay, Cuba, Re: Legal brief on proposed counter-resistance strategies -- Memo 21. November 27, 2002 (approved by Rumsfeld, December 2, 2002), To: Donald Rumsfeld, Secretary of Defense, From: William J. Haynes II, General Counsel, Department of Defense, Re: Counter-resistance techniques -- Memo 22. January 15, 2003, To: General Counsel of the Department of Defense, From: Donald Rumsfeld, Secretary of Defense, Re: Detainee interrogations -- Memo 23. January 15, 2003, To: Commander U.S. Southern Command, From: Donald Rumsfeld, Secretary of Defense, Re: Counter-resistance techniques -- Memo 24. January 17, 2003, To: General Counsel of the Department of the Air Force, From: William J. Haynes II, General Counsel, Department of Defense, Re: Working Group to Assess (Interrrogation issues) -- Memo 25. March 6, 2003, Classified by: Donald Rumsfeld, Secretary of Defense, DRAFT: Working Group report on detainee interrrogations in the global war on terrorism: assessment of legal, historical, policy, and operational considerations -- Memo 26. April 4, 2003, Classified by: Donald Rumsfeld, Secretary of Defense, Working Group report on detainee interrrogations in the global war on terrorism: assessment of legal, historical, policy, and operational considerations -- Memo 27. April 16, 2003, To: James T. Hill, Commander, U.S. Southern Command, From: Donald Rumsfeld, Secretary of Defense, Re: Counter-resistance techniques in the war on terrorism -- Memo 28. March 19, 2004, To: William H. Taft IV, General Counsel, Department of State, William J. Haynes II, General Counsel, Department of Defense, John Bellinger, Legal Adviser for National Security, Scott Muller, General Counsel, Central Intelligence Agency, Distributed to Alberto R. Gonzales, Counsel to the President, From: Jack Goldsmith III, Assistant Attorney General, Office of Legal Counsel, Re: Draft of an opinion concerning the meaning of Article 49 of the Fourth Geneva Convention as it applies in occupied IraqReports. February 2004, (The ICRC Report) -- Report of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) on the treatment by the coalition forces of prisoners of war and other protected persons by the Geneva Conventions in Iraq during arrest, internment and interrrogation -- March 2004 (The Taguba Report) -- Article 15-6. Investigation of the 800th Military Police Brigade -- Annexes to the Taguba Report. Undated psychological assessment of allegations of detainee abuse at Abu Ghraib by Col. Henry Nelson, USAF Psychiatrist -- September 2003, Maj. Gen. Geoffrey Miller's assessment regarding interrrogation and intelligence operations in Iraq -- Memo 12 Octobr 2003, To: Combined Joint Task Force Seven, Baghdad, Iraq, From: Ricardo S. Sanchez, Lieutenant General, USA Commanding, Re: Interrogation and counter-resistance policy -- Memo, 30 November 2002, To: Lt. Gen. Ricardo Sanchez, Commander CJTF-7, From: Thomas M. Pappas, Col., MI Commanding, Re: Request for exception to DJTF-7 interrogation and counter-resistance policy -- Memo, 19 January 2004, To: Commander, U.S. Central Command, From: Ricardo S. Sanchez, Lt. Gen., USA Commanding, Re: Request for investigating officer -- 28 January 2004, Army's Criminal Investigation Division report on allegations of prisoner abuse at Abu Ghraib -- CV for Brig. Gen. Janis Karpinski, Commander 800th Military Police Brigade -- 15 February 2004 selected portions of Brig. Gen. Janis Karpinski's testimony -- April 2004. The Association of the Bar of the City of New York, Committee on International Human Rights, and Committee on Military Affairs and Justice's Report, Re: Human rights standards applicable to the U.S.'s interrogation of detainees -- July 2004 (The Mikolashek Report). Department of the Army, The Inspector General: Detainee operations inspection -- August 2004 (The Schlesinger Report). Final report of the independent panel to review DoD detention operations --May 12, 2004 (Vice Admiral Church's Brief). Vice Admiral Albert T. Church III's briefing on his investigation into allegations of abuse of prisoners at Guantánamo Bay, Cuba -- October 2004 (Department of Defense response to the Associatied Press). The Department of Defense's response to the allegations of abuse of prisoners at Guantánamo Bay and Abu Ghraib which were noted both in the Schlesinger report and in Vice Admiral Church's press briefing -- August 2004 (The Fay-Jones Report). Investigation of intelligence activities at Abu Ghraib/Investiation of the Abu Ghraib Prison and 205th Military Intelligence Brigade, LTG Anthony R. Jones/Investigation of the Abu Graib Detention Facility and 205th Military Intelligence Brigade, MG George R. Fay -- August 9, 2004. American Bar Association report to the House of Delegates, Re: Uses of torture. -- Afterword -- Appendices. Appendix A: GTMO interrogation techniques (a one-page summary issued to reporters by Bush aides on June 22, 2004, listing which specific techniques were approved and/or used) -- Appendix B: Recommended readings on torture -- Appendix C: Torture-related laws and conventions -- Appendix D: Legal cases relevent to the incidences of torture